Ergogenic mechanisms of adverse effects Anabolic androgenic steroids

Abstract

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic drugs chemically related to testosterone, the primary male sex hormone that causes androgenic and anabolic effects. When AAS are administered in supraphysiological doses and are combined with heavy power training, they induce a remarkable increment in muscle mass and strength. These effects have led to a growing abuse of AAS in professional, amateur athletes and in persons that look for a better body image. At present time, mechanisms proposed to explain AAS ergogenic effects include:l. Stimulation of androgens receptors; 2.Up-regulation of androgen receptors; 3. Blockade of receptors or actions of glucocorticoids; 4. Inhibition of the expression of myostatin, 5.Increment of the expression and unbound fraction of IGF-I; and 6.Induction of behavioral effects in the central nervous system.